Darwinia is trying to become a “cross-sea bridge” between public chains, connecting the ecological territory of Ethereum, Polkadot, BSC, etc.
Written by: Ether Boy
From Ethereum’s Layer 2 expansion plan, as well as the innovation and ecological prosperity of each new public chain, we can see that each new public chain is accelerating with Ethereum. The future blockchain layout may be a pattern where multiple chains coexist. However, as the number and scale of blockchain networks continue to grow, they are still largely isolated from each other, just like islands with their own communities and economies, unable to exchange information or value with the outside world. On this map, how to break the island effect in the blockchain world and form a complementary virtuous circle within the industry is a major pain point that needs to be resolved in the current market, and cross-chain bridges may become the key to solving this problem. .
Darwinia network is a decentralized bridging network based on Substrate. It can provide a secure general bridging solution to realize asset cross-chain and universal remote between Polkadot, Ethereum, Binance Smart Chain, and other heterogeneous chains. Chain calls, the main application areas include DeFi, cross-chain NFT transactions, and games. At the same time, Darwin also serves as a Web3.0 concept project worthy of attention to realize the interoperability of blockchain applications between different chains.
Darwinia has upgraded its DVM and is compatible with the Ethereum Virtual Machine. It is the only smart contract platform put into use in the Polkadot ecosystem. It also supports Metamask, which makes it easy for applications on Ethereum to migrate to the Polkadot ecosystem. Therefore, not only assets, but the Darwinia cross-chain bridge will be able to bridge blockchain applications between different heterogeneous chains. As a Polkadot ecological star project, Darwin was included in the Polkadot light white paper, and will soon participate in the Parachain card slot auction of Kusama and Polkadot.
Between Polkadot’s parallel chains and heterogeneous chains, Darwin also adopted different technologies for cross-chain NFT. In the future, homogenized assets, NFTs, and blockchain applications will no longer be limited to one public chain, but can run on different chains through Darwinia’s cross-chain bridge to form an integrated cross-chain ecology.
Polkadot’s cross-chain is to realize the cross-chain between parachains through the relay chain and the parachain slot. However, this has led to the emergence of some limitations. For mature networks such as ETH, this form of connectivity cannot be achieved. And this has become another meaning of the existence of Darwinia’s cross-chain transfer bridge, which is to help the Polkadot ecology “out of the circle”. From the perspective of the project, the direct use of the cross-chain bridge to access the Polkadot ecology can greatly reduce development costs.
The “cross-sea bridge” of the decentralized bridge
Darwinia is committed to building a cross-chain transfer bridge with a high degree of decentralization. In fact, centralized exchanges have implemented a centralized cross-chain approach. Taking USDT as an example, it can be mentioned on different chains such as Ethereum and TRON in the form of recharge and withdrawal. In addition, there are also some bridges that are achieved through multi-signatures, trustees, and whitelisted nodes. Compared with a single node, they are relatively decentralized, but they are still so-called “semi-decentralized bridges.”
The meaning of centralized, semi-decentralized, and decentralized bridges can be compared to wooden bridges, iron bridges, and sea-crossing bridges, respectively. The wooden bridge is easy to build, and the ecology can be quickly transferred through the wooden bridge of the exchange, let the ecology run first. However, the layout of the cross-chain ecology ultimately needs to be completed by relying on a more decentralized and stable cross-sea bridge, and the significance of the Darwinia Bridge is reflected in this.
The transfer method of Darwinia Bridge does not rely on the intermediate custodian, but combines MMR encryption technology, verification game and ultra-light client technology to achieve decentralization in the cross-chain transfer process, so as to eliminate the entire process. Participation of third parties. At present, Darwinia has realized the connection between Ethereum and Polkadot through the Darwin Bridge on Polkadot’s Rococo testnet. Many projects in Polkadot’s ecology, such as Konomi and Cere Network, have announced the use of Darwinia for cross-chain.
Projects that use Darwinia to bridge the chain
Innovative “Sub-Linear Super Light Client”
Only store block headers, reduce storage
The so-called light client means that only the block header of each chain needs to be stored. The operation mode of the cross-chain bridge can be divided into the original chain and the target chain. When cross-chain, the specific step of the cross-chain is that A locks assets on the original chain into a smart contract, and the target chain stores the light client of the original chain. That is, the information of the block header, when verifying, only the root value of each Merkel tree is needed to verify whether the transaction is packaged in the original chain (that is, Proof of lock). Later, the corresponding mapped assets can be minted in the target chain (Mint).
On the contrary, in the reverse cross-chain process of D2E, there are also light clients of the target chain on the original chain to verify whether the assets of the target chain are destroyed and unlock the assets.
It is extremely light after calculation based on MMR, and only two blocks need to be stored in the limit state
In addition to storing only the block header, the sub-linear super light client does not store each block header linearly, but uses a cryptographic method based on Merkle Mountain Range (MMR), and each block header contains all the block headers in the previous history chain for MMR calculation After rooting, MMR is a variant of Merkel tree. Just confirm the latest block header to verify any block header in the history. With this method, many previous blocks can be removed, storage can be reduced, and the light client can be very “lightweight” and its economic feasibility can be improved. In theory, the super light client only needs to store two block headers: the Genesis block and the latest block header to verify all the blocks in between. Of course, in actual applications, some check points are also set to shorten the verification game (Verification Game) time.
Ultralight client only needs to store the roots after MMR calculation
In more depth, for Ethereum, EOS and other older chains do not have MMR block headers. Darwinia provides an additional sub-protocol: verification game, that is, Chanllenge that performs several additional rounds of the latest block to verify the latest block. Authenticity. If the malicious behavior is verified, the deposit submitted by the Relayer will be deducted and the honest node (Fisher Man) will be rewarded economically to curb the malicious behavior. Unlike other arbitration modes, Darwinia challenges and verifies the existence of MMR-based block headers through verification games, rather than arbitrating through multi-signatures or the authority of super trustees to achieve true decentralization.
Crab network first, participate in Kusama slot auction
Darwinia Crab Network (abbreviation: Crab Network, Hairy Crab Network) is the pioneer network of Darwin Network, compatible with the virtual machine of Ethereum. It is the first cross-chain NFT chain in Polkadot ecology. It supports the migration of DApps such as Defi and NFT to Polkadot and Pangolin. testnet. With cross-chain interoperability, it provides an entrance to the Polkadot ecology for projects that have been deployed on public chains such as Ethereum and BSC. The Crab network is mainly to provide an advanced simulation environment for Darwinia’s upgrade and application deployment, and conduct various radical experiments.
For the upcoming Kusama parachain slot auction, the Crab network provides users with CRING, RING tokens and NFT rewards (including hidden blind boxes) to win user support. Darwinia injected one percent of the mainnet’s RING into the Crab network, injecting economic value into the Crab network, making users’ participation on the Crab Xianxian network more serious, not just as a game and a simple test. At the same time, users are encouraged to experience on the mainnet after receiving RING rewards.
The flagship application “Evolution Planet” creates a traffic portal for the Polkadot ecology
Based on the Crab network, Evolution Planet is a cross-chain virtual business blockchain game that combines the concept of NFT+DeFi. As the flagship product of Darwin’s cross-chain bridge application, the game is a set of smart contracts developed in the Solidity language and deployed in the DVM smart contract engine of the Crab network. Various forms of assets in the game can interact across chains. In the future, as Darwin deploys more cross-chain bridges, assets on the evolutionary planet will be able to flow freely across multiple chains. Players can buy and sell NFTs in the game to get the price difference, participate in auctions to earn premiums, and they can also earn income by mining elements.
Recently, the Atlantis continent on the evolutionary planet Ethereum is actively conducting boutique land auctions. The starting price of the plot is 500 RING, the highest auction price of the plot reached 27,804 RING, and the average price reached 19,063 RING. The part of the higher starting price is obtained by the players participating in the auction. The income from the land auction enters the DAO and is ultimately returned to the game players.
The evolutionary planet is like a “metaworld” based on cross-chain Polkadot. In this “metaworld”: Staking, DeFi farming income, cross-chain asset exchange and other functions can be realized, and various DeFi applications are also interconnected in the form of games. Darwinia built it as a flagship application to show the industry how a cross-chain blockchain game can be played. Each piece of land can also be used as a different Dapp entrance. As a result, the evolutionary planet can also become a traffic entrance for the Polkadot ecology.
The evolutionary planet of “one place, one Dapp”
Darwinia interesting facts you didn’t know
Atlantis, the first continent of Evolution Planet, is deployed on Ethereum. It has always interacted with Uniswap to realize asset flow. Every asset exchange is actually using Uniswap for asset exchange. Therefore, during the Uniswap airdrop, many early users of Evolution Planet also received a lot of UNI rewards. The team also provided a lot of liquidity in Uniswap, and therefore also received a large amount of airdrops. It can also be seen that those who can get more financial returns are often more determined users. After researching and understanding the project’s vision and risks. Long-term investment may be the best way to embrace a project.
KTON tokens account for 50% of the voting rights, incentivizing long-term users
KTON is a derivative token of Darwin Network’s native token RING, which is called a commitment token. In order to encourage users to lock and commit for a long time, users can promise to lock the RING for 3-36 months during the process of staking the RING (staking tutorial ). The system will reward the users who participate in the pledge with KTON, but it cannot be unlocked during the promised lock-in period. RING operation (unless 3 times KTON is paid).
The initial supply of KTON is 0. In the Darwinia ecosystem, KTON and RING have the same influence, each accounting for 50% (including staking income, voting rights). This mechanism can dynamically balance the influence of long-term and short-term users , So that long-term supporters have more ecological rights, is conducive to the long-term development of Darwinia, and feeds back the currency price of RING.
On the Crab Xianxing Network, the same CRING and derivative token CKTON also exist. Users can choose to pledge CRING and promise to lock CRING for 3-36 months to obtain CKTON rewards.
Team and main direction
The team tends to be technology-led, and the two founders are both technically born and met when they participated in the construction of BTS (BitShares). The team has been working in the Polkadot ecology for a long time, and was involved in testing and other work at the very beginning of Substrate. In terms of the market, Bree is responsible for the expansion. Currently, Darwinia has 20,000+ followers on Twitter and Telegram platforms.
- Darwinia also launched the National Ambassador Program to expand the market to 10+ countries such as South Korea, France, Spain, and Europe. Recently, he joined the Polkadot DeFi Alliance and the Korean Polkadot Alliance to expand the Korean community.
- The DVM upgrade is completed and compatible with the Ethereum virtual machine, making it easy to migrate applications on the Ethereum to the Polkadot ecosystem.
- Bridge BSC, HECO and more public chain ecology.
- Participated in Kusama and Polkadot Parachain auctions,
- Build the evolution planet game into NFT Metaverse (metaverse). In the form of DeFi mining plus NFT, one Dapp in one place, making it the traffic entrance of the Polkadot NFT world
summary
With the spillover of Ethereum DeFi, the future DeFi landscape may be a parallel world composed of Ethereum, Polkadot, BSC, etc. Through a stable decentralized bridge, DeFi assets, and applications can achieve stable and high-speed circulation across chains. With the successful connection of the Darwin D2E two-way bridge, the core technical problems have been solved, and the grafting of bridges between other chains is also easier. In the future, Darwin will work to build a “cross-sea bridge” between the cross-chain territories. The team also made sufficient preparations for the Parachain Slot auctions of Kusama and Polkadot. Not only that, but Evolution Planet will also become a traffic entrance to the Polkadot ecology and a door to the Polkadot ecology.
